The Artistic Vanguards and the Scientific Revolution "A look at the Arts in consideration of the concept of Kuhn's Paradigm"

Abstract

Crises take place when the pre-established does not reach all responders. Questions, in this way new ideas are presented to follow. To which You can call them new paradigms. Luis Guerrero explains how the different crises occurred, between the pre-established paradigms of artistic conceptions accepted by the "artistic community", and the new conceptions or ideas that were appearing in artistic minority circles. Kuhn, establishes that such crises usually arise, in scientific communities, when there are too many anomalies in the current paradigm, and that is when a scientific revolution can break out, giving rise to a new paradigm. For Walter Benjamín (2010), artistic theories "can be used to shape revolutions within artistic politics" (p.66) For Longoni & Santoni, (1998), taking the example of Renato Poggioli, they point out that “avant-garde manifestations appear in a climate of social upheaval, where times of historical crisis sometimes present an extraordinary cultural richness, since they are moments of rupture. ”(P. 26) Taking into account the concept of "Scientific Revolution" of Kuhn; Could it be said that the so-called Vanguards are true "Cultural and Artistic Revolutions"? In order to analyze these concepts, and try to find a relationship between these proposals, we will work with the theories of: Kuhn's Scientific Revolution together with the theories of Benjamin, Guerrero and Longoni & Santoni, with their concepts of artistic work in the times of technical reproducibility, the crises of aesthetic autonomy and the artistic avant-gardes and political radicalization, respectively. Now, crises were always present in the consensual artistic paradigms. Not only in the avant-garde of the S XX. That is why we will try to analyze and find parallels with the different theories, taking into account that for Kuhn the social sciences are immature sciences, but that they can "be overcome, but on condition that a paradigm and its corresponding consensus emerge" ( Mombrú, 2017, p. 306)