Casamiento infantil y salud perinatal en Ecuador, 2015-2020

https://doi.org/10.18294/sc.2023.4325

Publicado 13 abril 2023 Open Access


Dorian Ospina Galeano Gerente de Sistemas de Información en Salud. Estudiante, Community Health Sciences (MSc), Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canadá. image/svg+xml , Fadya Orozco Doctora en Salud Pública. Docente Titular, Escuela de Salud Pública, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador. image/svg+xml , Marcelo Luis Urquia PhD in Epidemiology. Associate Professor, Department of Community Health Sciences, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canadá. image/svg+xml



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Datos de los fondos

Palabras clave:

Edad Materna, Nacidos Vivos, Estado Civil, Peso al Nacer, Nacimiento Prematuro, Ecuador

Resumen


Este estudio buscó estimar la prevalencia y distribución de nacidos vivos de madres menores de 18 años en Ecuador y la asociación entre indicadores perinatales y estado marital materno. A partir de los registros de nacidos vivos obtenidos del Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas y Censos de Ecuador para el período 2015-2020, se estimó la asociación conjunta entre grupos de edad (10-15, 16-17, 18-19 y 20-24 años) y la situación conyugal materna (casada, unión estable y soltera), con bajo peso al nacer, parto pretérmino e inadecuada atención prenatal. La prevalencia de partos de madres menores de 18 años fue del 9,3% y declinó en el periodo de estudio, drásticamente entre las mujeres casadas. La asociación entre estado marital y las variables explicativas dependió de la edad materna. Los resultados más favorables de salud observados entre las madres casadas de 20-24 años, en comparación con las madres solteras, se debilitan o desaparecen entre las menores de edad. Las madres en uniones de hecho experimentaron resultados intermedios entre las mujeres casadas y las solteras.


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