Desigualdades en el tiempo hasta el diagnóstico del síndrome de Down en Bolivia

https://doi.org/10.18294/sc.2024.4710

Publicado 19 marzo 2024 Open Access


Daniel Linares Terrazas Médico. Auxiliar de investigación, Unidad de Citogenética, Instituto de Genética, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia. image/svg+xml , Beatriz Luna Barrón Médica. Docente investigadora, Instituto de Genética, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia. image/svg+xml , Gonzalo Taboada López Médico. Docente investigador, Instituto de Genética, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia. † image/svg+xml



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Palabras clave:

Inequidades en Salud, Síndrome de Down, Equidad de Género, Diagnóstico Tardío, Bolivia

Resumen


El síndrome de Down es la condición genética más común y una causa principal de discapacidad intelectual. Las personas en áreas rurales, especialmente aquellas con discapacidades, a menudo enfrentan desigualdades en el acceso a la salud. A partir de los registros clínicos de pacientes con diagnóstico confirmado de síndrome de Down entre 2013 y 2022, por el Instituto de Genética de la Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia, se analizó, analizó el tiempo hasta el diagnóstico de 250 pacientes con síndrome de Down, mostró que los pacientes procedentes de áreas rurales con síndrome de Down tardan cinco meses en promedio en recibir un diagnóstico, comparado a los dos meses en zonas urbanas (p<0,001). No se encontraron diferencias significativas en el tiempo hasta el diagnostico según el sexo. Sin embargo, se evidenció una mayor proporción de varones provenientes de áreas rurales (p=0,03). Los hallazgos sugieren que los individuos de áreas rurales enfrentan dificultades para recibir el diagnóstico. Por otro lado, las mujeres quizás no sean llevadas a ciudades para un diagnóstico y tratamiento adecuado debido a sesgos de género en ciertas comunidades. Se subraya la importancia de mejorar el acceso a diagnósticos y tratamientos tempranos en áreas rurales.


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