Hombres heterosexualmente activos, masculinidades, prevención de infección por VIH y búsqueda de profilaxis posexposición sexual consentida

Lorruan Alves dos Santos; Marcia Thereza Couto; Augusto Mathias; Alexandre Grangeiro

doi:10.18294/sc.2019.2144

Heterosexually active men, masculinities, HIV prevention, and the search for post-exposure prophylaxis following sexual exposure

Lorruan Alves dos Santos Fisioterapeuta, Magíster en Salud Colectiva. Estudiante de doctorado en Salud Colectiva, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil. , Marcia Thereza Couto Doctora en Sociología, Posdoctora en Salud Colectiva. Profesora, Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil. , Augusto Mathias Magíster en Ciencias (Medicina Preventiva). Estudiante de doctorado en Salud Colectiva, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil. , Alexandre Grangeiro Cientista Social. Investigador, Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil.

Received: 22 January 2019, Accepted: 22 November 2019, Published: 27 December 2019

https://doi.org/10.18294/sc.2019.2144 | PMID: 32022125

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Abstract

Hegemonic masculinity has distanced heterosexually active men from the responses to the HIV epidemic. However, with the combined prevention paradigm, post-exposure prophylaxis offers new ways to manage the risks of HIV infection, while at the same time bringing about new challenges. The aim of this paper is to discuss – through the lens of gender and masculinities – how heterosexually active men perceive their HIV risk and how they manage prevention methods and strategies, including post-exposure prophylaxis. Employing qualitative methods, 16 heterosexually active men in five health services from different Brazilian cities were interviewed. The analysis indicates that condom use – the main prevention method – was conditioned by subjective and contextual factors, and its failure stands out as the primary reason for seeking out post-exposure prophylaxis. We argue that ideals of hegemonic masculinity permeate perceptions and risk management discourses in the current context of the HIV/AIDS epidemic.

Keywords: Masculinity, Heterosexuality, Men’s Health, Disease Prevention, HIV, Post-Exposure Prophylaxis, Brazil

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